Out Of Africa

Every human today is the descendant of a small group of modern humans who left Africa around 60,000 years ago to explore the planet. We can see the legacy of these journeys today in the diversity of races and cultures around the world.

Earth's population was one million 50,000 years ago.


Humans left Africa to enter

• South Africa - 1,20,000 years ago
• Europe - 60,000 years ago
• Asia - 50,000 years ago
• Australia - 45,000 years ago
• Russia - 25,000 years ago
• North America - 15,000 years ago
• South America - 12,000 years ago                            

The last glacial period lasted from 100,000 years to 50,000 years ago. Siberia and Alaska were linked by 1,000 km of Ice. This was known as Bering Land Bridge. It is because of this bridge Homo Sapiens were able to travel from Russia to the Alaska. This was followed by a slightly warm period before the temperatures dropped again till 10,000 years ago.

Evidence has been found that Neanderthals buried their dead starting from at least 60,000 years ago.


Needle to sew cloths was invented 30,000 years ago.

23,000 - 30,000 year old needle found in China

Hunting and foraging was the only way of life up till 12,000 years ago.


By 10,000 years ago humans had spread through every continent. Later explorers from medieval Europe found their New World already Inhabited.


 Bows and arrows appeared in the late Ice age and came into widespread use about 10,000 BC. The two types of arrows included Flint arrows Mesolithic arrows.

Flint arrow heads

Shamans were the doctors, priests and medical men of that time.



Human population increased and stretched as areas that had been glacial became temperate.